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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">concconc</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Железобетонные конструкции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reinforced concrete structures</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2949-1622</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-1614</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/2949-1622.2026.2.25-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">concconc-95</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРИЯ БЕТОНА И ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORY OF CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние продольной силы при смене знака изгибающего момента</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of Longitudinal Force at Change of Bending Moment Sign</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1096-7808</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курнавина</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurnavina</surname><given-names>S. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курнавина Софья Олеговна, к.т.н., доцент, доцент кафедры железобетонных и каменных конструкций</p><p> 129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, д. 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofia О. Kurnavina, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Structures</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">KurnavinaSO@mgsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васиховский</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasihovskiy</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васиховский Марк Валерьевич, аспирант</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, д. 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mark V. Vasihovskiy, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Structures</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.vasihovsckij@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет (НИУ МГСУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Курнавина С.О., Васиховский М.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курнавина С.О., Васиховский М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurnavina S.О., Vasihovskiy M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.g-b-k.ru/jour/article/view/95">https://www.g-b-k.ru/jour/article/view/95</self-uri><abstract><p>При сейсмических воздействиях в железобетонных конструкциях каркасных зданий развиваются пластические деформации. Их влияние на прочность и деформативность здания при сейсмических воздействиях изучено недостаточно и практически не учитывается в действующих российских нормах по сеймостойкому строительству. Проведены экспериментальные исследования влияния пластических деформаций на работу изгибаемых элементов при знакопеременных воздействиях большой интенсивности. Они показали, что после начала текучести в растянутой арматуре раскрывшиеся трещины не смыкаются при разгрузке. Это приводит к формированию сквозных трещин при действии изгибающего момента обратного знака. Для оценки влияния продольной сжимающей силы на этот процесс проведены вычисления инженерным методом. Результаты вычислений показали, что чрезмерные пластические деформации внецентренно сжатых железобетонных элементов при сейсмическом воздействии еще на этапе возрастания изгибающего момента могут привести к разрушению бетона сжатой зоны. Кроме того, выявлено, что наличие сжимающей силы приводит к смыканию трещин при разгрузке даже после начала текучести растянутой арматуры. Сделан вывод о необходимости ограничения пластических деформаций арматуры при расчете железобетонных внецентренно сжатых и изгибаемых элементов при сейсмических воздействиях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Under seismic impacts, plastic deformations develop in reinforced concrete structures of frame buildings. Their influence on the strength and deformability of the buildings under seismic effects has not been studied enough and is practically not taken into account in the current Russian standards for seismic resistant construction. Experimental studies of the effect of plastic deformations on the behavior of bent elements under alternating effects of high intensity have been carried out. They showed that after the start of yield in the tensile reinforcement, the opened cracks do not close during unloading. This leads to the formation of through cracks under the action of the bending moment of the opposite sign. To evaluate the effect of the longitudinal compressive force on this process, calculations were carried out by the engineering method. The results of calculations have shown that excessive plastic deformations of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete elements under seismic impact even at the stage of increasing bending moment can lead to the destruction of the concrete of the compressed zone. In addition, it was revealed that the presence of compressive force leads to the closure of cracks during unloading even after the beginning of the yield in tensile reinforcement. It was concluded that it is necessary to limit the plastic deformations of reinforcement when calculating rein-forced concrete eccentrically compressed and bent elements under seismic impacts.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>железобетон</kwd><kwd>колонна</kwd><kwd>каркас</kwd><kwd>сейсмическое воздействие</kwd><kwd>пластические деформации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>reinforced concrete</kwd><kwd>column</kwd><kwd>frame</kwd><kwd>seismic impact</kwd><kwd>plastic strain</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абаканов М.С. Малоцикловая прочность железобетонных конструкций каркасных зданий при действии нагрузок типа сейсмических. Алма-Ата : АО «КазНИИСА», 2016. 132 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abakanov M.S. Low-cycle strength of reinforced concrete structures of frame buildings under seismic-type loads. 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